How Is Profit and Loss Calculated on a Commodities Position?

Commodities profit and loss is the price difference between your entry and exit, multiplied by the lot size and the number of lots, in US dollars. For a Long, gross profit and loss is (exit price − entry price) × lot size × number of lots; for a Short, it is (entry price − exit price) × lot size × number of lots. Net profit and loss is the gross figure minus the JFX & KBI fee, 11% VAT and any swap charges, plus any swap credits. While a position is open, the result shows as Unrealized P&L; once it is closed, the realized result is credited to your USD Margin (Commodities) wallet.

• Long: Gross PnL = (exit price − entry price) × lot size × number of lots.
• Short: Gross PnL = (entry price − exit price) × lot size × number of lots.
• Lot size: 1 troy ounce for XAUUSD (gold), 10 troy ounces for XAGUSD (silver) and 10 barrels for UKOUSD (Brent crude).
• Net PnL: Gross PnL − JFX & KBI fee − VAT − swap charges (+ swap credits).
• Illustrative example, gold Long: you open 1 lot of XAUUSD Long at US$4,300 and close it at US$4,340. Gross PnL = (US$4,340 − US$4,300) × 1 ounce × 1 lot = US$40. Fees are about US$0.11 to open and about US$0.11 to close, so the net result is about US$39.78. The margin for this position was US$43 (US$4,300 ÷ 100x), so a price move of less than 1% produced a result close to the size of the whole margin. The same move against you would produce a loss of a similar size, plus fees. The order page shows the exact Est. Margin Required, which can be slightly higher than this simple calculation.
• Illustrative example, Brent Short: you open 2 lots of UKOUSD Short at US$80 and close them at US$79. Gross PnL = (US$80 − US$79) × 10 barrels × 2 lots = US$20, before fees.
• Costs to deduct: Pluang currently charges no transaction fee on Commodities (0%). The JFX & KBI fee is US$0.10 per lot, capped at US$1 per order, plus 11% VAT, on opening and on closing. Swap charges also carry 11% VAT. The order summary shows the fees before you confirm.
• Spread: the spread is the gap between the buy and sell price. It is already built into the price you see, so it is reflected in your entry and exit prices rather than charged separately.
• Prices in these examples are illustrative, not live quotes.

Related questions:

Q: What is the difference between unrealized and realized profit and loss?
Unrealized profit and loss is the result of a position that is still open, shown as Unrealized P&L. It moves with the live price and affects your margin level, but it isn't final, and unrealized profit can't be withdrawn. Realized profit and loss is the result once the position is closed, whether you close it, an order in the opposite direction offsets it, or it is closed by liquidation. The realized result is credited to your USD Margin (Commodities) wallet.

Q: Why is my position showing a loss right after I opened it?
A new position usually starts slightly negative because of the spread, which is already built into the price. You buy at the higher price and would sell at the lower one, so the gap between them is a small loss from the start. The small JFX & KBI fee and its VAT add to it: about US$0.11 for 1 lot of gold at an illustrative US$4,300. The price has to move in your favour by more than these costs, including the fees for closing, before the position breaks even.

Q: Does leverage change how profit and loss is calculated?
No. Profit and loss is always based on the full position size: lot size × number of lots × price change. Leverage only decides how much margin you put up to open that position: up to 100x for gold, 20x for silver and 50x for Brent crude. Pluang sets the leverage for each instrument (you don't choose it) and may adjust it; the order page shows the current figure. Because the margin is small compared with the position, the same profit or loss is large relative to the margin, in both directions.

Q: Is the swap part of my profit and loss?
Yes. If you hold a position past the daily rollover at 05.00 WIB (04.00 WIB during US Daylight Saving Time), a swap is applied. The rate is shown in pips per lot, and the swap can be a charge or a credit, depending on the rate and on whether you are Long or Short. Swap charges carry 11% VAT. Gold and silver positions still open at the Thursday rollover are charged three days of swap at once. For Brent crude, check the Swap Fee entries in Transaction History to see which rollover carried the weekend. A swap credit counts as a gain that you report yourself for tax.