From January to September 2023, Optimism's OP Stack accounted for a transaction-weighted average of 66.8% of Ethereum Layer 2 and Layer 3 transactions, peaking at 76% in June. These chains processed an average of 908 million transactions monthly, with $35 trillion in USD-pegged stablecoin transfers over nine months. The networks secured $22.2 billion in total value, including $7.5 billion active in DeFi protocols, and generated $227 million in application revenue excluding fees. OP Stack is an open-source framework enabling teams to build and operate Ethereum Layer 2 chains, with plans to improve interoperability between chains like OP Mainnet and Unichain.
OP Stack Networks handled a majority of Ethereum Layer 2 and 3 transactions in 2023. For readers following cryptocurrency markets, here is Pluang's snapshot as of Oct 17, 2026 09:21 WIB: out of 50 major cryptocurrencies, 13 rose and 36 fell. Notable movers include ALGO at Rp2.051 with a 3.21% drop, XTZ at Rp5.708 with a 2.77% gain, and AAVE at Rp2.776.763 with a 2.46% decline, reflecting diverse market activity.
Bitcoin closed at $81,524 on Oct. 16 as Polymarket's Federal Reserve decision market showed a 14% chance of a quarter-point rate hike at the Fed's upcoming Oct. 27-28 meeting. This sentiment follows September inflation data showing a 0.6% monthly ris...
Shiba Inu (SHIB) saw its market capitalization rise back above $3 billion on October 16, reaching $3.02 billion after briefly falling below that threshold. The token closed at $0.00000508, trading within a narrow range during the day. Despite this re...
Pi Network's token (PI) closed at $0.08066 on October 16, marking a recovery from its October 14 close below $0.08. Despite this rebound, the token remains below its October 11 close of $0.08334 and well under its September 9 high of $0.09977. Tradin...
Worldcoin (WLD) experienced a 4.06% price drop to $0.5129 within one hour on October 16, despite maintaining a 2.54% gain over the past 24 hours. This hourly decline coincided with $170,000 in long liquidations and $10,000 in short liquidations acros...
Kahn Swick & Foti, LLC has launched an investigation into Navan, Inc. following allegations that the company failed to disclose rising sales and marketing expenses during its October 2025 IPO. Navan had reported strong revenue and booking growth, but...
